Oil-burning system and apparatus



Nov. 10 1925. v 1,560,849

' Y c. F. PEARSON 7 01b BURNING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Filed Nov 13, 1923s Sheets-Sheet 1 Nbv. 10, 1925. 1,560,849

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- c. F. PEARSON OIL BURNING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS Filed Nov. '15, 1923 5Sheets-Sheet 4 Nov, 10, 1925- C. F. PEARSON OIL BURNING SYSTEM ANDAPPARATUS Filed Nov. 13, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 JZUenZ/W cess of thatused Patented Nov, 10, 1925.

' UNITED STATES .GARL F. PEARSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

OIL-BURNING SYSTEM AND APPARATUS.

Application filed November 13, 1923. Serial No. 674,473.

To-aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL F. PEARSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain IIIGW and useful Improvements in Oil-Burning Systemsand Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

The inventionrelates to oil-burning sys tems and apparatus. I

One of the objects of the invention is to improve-systems of thischaracter.

Another object is to perform all of the functions necessary forconvenience, safety and economy with simplified apparatus.

Anotherobject is to provide a system in which the oil is agitated andmixed with air before it reaches the burner.

' A further object is to provide means, whereby oil taken from a supplytank, in exthe burner, is automatically divided, an returned to the tankby effect of the pump that causes the oil to flow from the tank.

A further object is the provision of means for varying the pressure onthe oil forced into theburner by restricting to a greater or less extentthe flow ofoil through the oil return pipe.

Other obiects and advantages will hereinafter appear from aconsideration of the following description, when taken in conjunctionwith the drawings, wherein Fig. 1 shows an end elevation, part insection, of the oil pumping plant comprisinga part of the system.

Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section taken through the air pump andair intake valve.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the system.

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the plant showing a furnace in section.

Fig. 5 is a central vertical section thru the oil atomizer and burner.

Fig. is a transverse section on line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal central section thru the burner showing an airsiphoning conduit surrounding it.

Fig. 8 is a loose coupling between the mo tor shaft and the pump shafts.

Fig. 9 is a section thru a regulable valve to control the oil supplyfurnished to the burner. i 7

Fig. 10 is an end elevation of the same showing means for its automaticcontrol.

Fig. 11 1s a side elevation, part in section,

' showing the automatic gas and oil contr0lling device.

Fig. 12 is a section on line 1212 of Fig. 11

acters refer tocorresponding parts.

The drawings show three main features, the oil supply tank 15 which maybe buried in the ground outside of the premises; an

In all the views the same reference charoil pumping plant which forconvenience should be located near the furnace, and the furnace 17.

The pumping plant consists of an electric motor 18 mounted upon a baseplate 19. Under the base plate is an oil drip pan 20 having, preferably,an inclined fioor 21, the deepest portion being near the end of the airintake pipe 22. y

The base 19 may be mounted on the table 23, or other suitable supportnear the furnace. Mounted on the base plate 19 is an air compressingpump 24 having its shaft 25 coaxiallyin line with the shaft 26 of themotor. These shafts are coupledt'ogether by a loose coupler 27.-

' The oil supply pump 28 and the air supply pump 24 are more.specifically set forth and claimed in my copending application SerialNo. 549,815, filed April 5, 1922. -The oil pump-and the air pump axesare in alignment with the motor shaft and are driven at the same speed.Both pumps are of the pressure typeand willproduce pressuresubstantially within'the capacity of the motor. I

The intake 29 of the oil pump '28 is conwhich carries a strainer andfoot valve 31 on its lower end.

Another strainer 32 mav be used to more completely purify the oil beforeit reaches the burner 33.:

The oil supply pump 28 discharges into pipe 34 and into the oil returnpipe 35. In the oil return pipe 35 is placed a-regulable check valve 36which is similar to the regulable check valve 37, placed atthe inner endof the air intake pipe 22 and which is to be more fully described.

The lower'je'nd. 38 of the check 'valve 37 is connected to' air intakepipe 22 and the part 39 is connected 'to the intake 40 by a close nipple41. The incoming air from pipe 22 due to the suction of the pump24passes nected by pipe 30 to the oil supply tank 15, which extends tothe bottom of the tank and l by the spring-pressed valve 43. The's pring44 yieldinglyv holds this valve closed. A screw 45 regulates thestrength of the spring for a purpose to be described.

Extending laterally from the neck 39 of the valve 37 is a hollow,internally threaded boss 46 to receive the pipe 34. 1

A needle valve port 47 connects the interior of pipe. 34 with theinterior of the valve 37. This port may. be closed by the needlevalve.48.' The valve 48 is made on the inner end of thereciprocatablestem 49 and ,is held yieldingly and normally closed tostop flow of oil to eburner when the pumps are not in operat on byaspring 50. The valve may be opened to an extent limited by a shoulder 51on the valve stem 49.

will be opened the v electromagnet 66 before the. pumps can bestarted inoperation by the motor.- The electro-magnet, or'solenoid, 66 alsocontrols the gas supply to the pilot light, to be presently explained. A

The quantity of ,oil whi to the oil supply tank.15'...-thru the return Ipipe 35 will depend largely upon the relative adjustment of the spring.in valve 36 and the opening'ofthe port/47 by valve 48. In any event,the. oil pumped by the pump 28, which does not pass out of port Istriking the end of the reciprocatable' threaded sleeve 53. y

The sleeve 53' may berotated by the thumb nut 52 or by the lever 56tovary the predetermined extent of opening 0f said valve. A check nut 55may be used to hold the sleeve'in adjusted position. An arm 57 may alsobe used .to automatically regulate the extent of "opening the valve 48by variation of temperature thru suitable thermoresponsive means, inwhich eventthe use of the check nut 55 will'be dispensed with. f

In Fig. 10 I have shown the arm 56 con-' nectedby a link 57 to a lever58 Which is pivoted at 59 and whichis connectedto'apressure pressed.diaphrajgm 60 by a --link 61. The diaphragm covers a casing. 62 whichmay begconnected to a boiler or-the like by pipe 63.

Whenthe diaphragm bulges out, by in creased steam pressure :the sleeve53 is rotated to the right and tll e valve 48 moved to-' wards its port.When the pressure subsides the valve is correspondingly.openedtoincrease the flow of oil to the burner. The.

arrangement shownin Fig. 10 need only be used when it is desirable tomaintain .tempera'tnre or steam pressure constant by 47 to the burner 33is automatically-returned.

to the supply tank.

After oil from pump. 28 passes .thru .port

47 it is discharged into the air intake conduit 39, 40 and 41, and-intothe air pump 24 and by Lit, with the-air taken in thru pipe 22 and thecheck .valve 37, is'conducted, under pressure, to I the .burner 33 thrupipe70.

Connected to pipe is a pressure gage 71 which shows. the pressure underWhich the'mixed air and oil 'is subjected'as it is delivered to theburner. Theoil is broken up and mixed with the air. while passing thruthe'air. pressure pump 24.

The. air'intakepipe 22 extends into the oil drip pan- 20 'so' as to takeup, with the incoming air, any waste oil that may have leaked from. thepumps and been caught in the pan. Screens 7 2 are. placed over theopenings above thepan to keep out all foreign undesirable matter. Bythis means oil that-would otherwise be Wasted is utilized in thebu'rnerby being drawn up into pipe 22 with the air and the plant remains clean.

low, threaded boss 74, to receive the oil increasing'and decreasing theconsumption of oil accordingly. I i The electric mq'tor 1 8 is energizedby cma circuit containing the'motoris an electroma-gnet'or solenoid 66,energized from the same source, sothat'when the circuithas been openedthru AthB motor the electro- An armature 67 is pivoted at 68 to'a lever69, pivoted at 69 and is movably responsive to the electro-magnet 66."Its arm 69 I is connected to the reciprocatable valve stem 49 by the rod49'. It will, therefore, be apparent that when. the electric motor 18 1sdeenerglzed, so likewise will be the .electro-magnet 66, and the valve48. will be.

automatically. closed by the spring 50 .and instantly stop flow of oilto the burner 33.

rent over-wires 64 and 65. Associated-with 7 .low boss 7 5 extends intothe casing, as at 7 6, its outerend being internally threaded to receivea plug 77. Thefront end of the casing is closed by a relatively thinwall 78 having an outwardly flaring, central port The burner 33consists, as shown. of a casing 73 having an angularly related, hol

79 for a self closing valve 80. The valve 80 is the terminal end of thereciprocatable valve stem 81. 'The'rear part of thstem is enlarged andangular in cross. section, as shown in Fig. 6, to provide openings inthe bore of the inwardly extending boss 76 and the stem to admit air,under pressure, in the opening 82 to unseat the valve 8O against theefl'ect of the spring 83, which tends always to close the valve. Thestem I is provided'onits rear end with a guiding head? 84 to maintainthe stem in central position of the bore and enlarged opening. One endof spring 83contacts this head and the other end contacts the shoulderin boss 76 provided by enlarged opening 82 and the coaxial bore in theend of 76.- It is now manifest that when the valve is closed, air

When the motor is energized the valve 48 under pressure in the casing73, will unseat nseoasae .the valve by compressing the spring 83 andwhen there is noair pressure within the casing the spring 83 willautomatically close the valve.

In Fig; 7 I have shown the burner 33 surrounded with a spaced jacket 85to leave an air conduit between the burner and the jacketfor the purposeof drawing fresh air into the furnace, near the point of combustion ofthe burner, to promote and enhance combustion and to decrease the-noiseresulting therefrom.

. I have also improved the fire box construction with the same end inview.-

On the grate 86 I lay a floor of fire brick or tile 87 and place avertical'wall 88 inside thefire boxto protect the metal'por- 'tions'from the destructive effects of the in the gas pipe 94. A ball checkvalve 96 I is supported by a spring 97 to normally close the port 98thru which gas passes on its way to the burner. A reciprocatable stem 99bears normally against the under surface of the arm 69", of the lever69, so

that when the lever 69 is raised by. the solenoid 66 the gas valve isthereby opened and When the solenoid and the motor are 'deenergized thevalve controlling the oil supply and the valve controlling the gassupply will be closed and'the fuel shut off from the burner.-

From the foregoing descriptionthe operation of-the system will beclearly understood, but a brief rsum may contribute to a clearerdisclosure.

To start the system primarily in operation'the electric circuit isclosed. which energizes electro-magnet 66. and the gas pilot .light isthen ignited. Closing said circuit also closes the electric circuit thruthe motor 18. When energized the electro-magnet '66 immediately opensvalve 48 by itslarmature 67 pulling out the valve stem 49 against :theyielding effect of the spring 50.*- The magnet will move the shoulder 51of the stem into contact with the end of the thread-- ed sleeve and openthe valve to a predetermined extent; the motor 18 begins-to revolve andthe pumps to operate. The oil pump 28 pumps an excess supply of oil fromthe bottom of tank 15.thru pipe 30 and strainer 32 into pipes 34 and 35.Part of the oil from pipe 34 will pass thru port 47 into pipe or conduit39, 40 and 41, leading to the air pump 24.

The oil automatically divides between pipe 34 and pipe 35. The excess of011 will be returned to the supply tank 15-thru regulable valve 36 andreturn pipe 35, the division is inversely proportional to the respectiveresistances interposed, to some extent, by the respective. adjustmentsof the check valve 36 and the' needle valve 48 of 37.

The air pump 24 draws air thru pipe 22 thru regulable check valve 43into con-.

duits 39, 40 and 41 where it meets the oil from the oil pump 28; It alsoassists to draw oil in thru valve 48.

- The air and oil is agitated and mixedin air ump 24 and directed, underpressure, a out 5 lbs. per square inch, thru pipe to the burner 33.

' The effect of the internal pressure in the burner casing, asheretofore explained, opens the burner valve 80, whereupon the mixed,

air and oil-in an atomized state is projected into the chamber 92, thespray being ignited by the gas pilot flame from pipe 93.

When the fire brick-structure, within the furnace, becomes heated to avisible degree combustion is therein completed and carbon from the flamecannot bel set free and smoke formed as when thefflame is allowed toimpinge directly upon relatively cold surfaces or when it is mixed withcold air. The flame passing into the chamber 92 produces a reverberatoryeffect by being reflected back thru the opening thru which it came,which increases its contact surface with the bricked structure. Thecoupling 27, connecting the motor shaft with the application to behereafter filed.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. An oil burning system including an oil supp y tank: an oil burner; apilot burner:

an oil supply pump between said tank and o l burner; an air pumpconnected to said 011 pump means for conveying oil from said tank tosaid oil burner thru said pumps; an electro-magnetically controlledvalve between said pumps for controlling the flow of oil to'the burner;said electro-magnetic means also controlling the supply of fuel tosaidpilot burner; and an oil return pipe between said pumps to returnany excessive supply of oil to said tank. 7

2. An oil burning system including an oil supply tank; a boiler, aburner therefor; an oil supply pump between the tank and burner; acontrollable normally closed valve between the pump and burner tocontrol the flow of oil to the burner; electro-magnetic means foropening said valve; adjustable means automatically controlled by thepump, will form the subject matter of an boiler pressure to vary-theextent to which the valve can be opened; automatic means to close thevalve when the magnetic means is deenergized; and an oil return pipecon-' nected between the' oil pump and the valve and to the tank toreturn the excess of oil not used in the burner to the tank.

3. An oil burning system including an oil tank; a burner; an oil supplypump connected to'the tank; an air supply pump connected to the burnerand to the oil supply.

pump; a needle valve between the pumps normally closed when the pumpsare inoperative; means toopen said valve when the pumps become actlve; aspring. seated 15 regulable air intake check valve controlling the airadmitted into the air pump; an oil return ipe connected between the oilpump and t 1e needle valve and to the tank and a spring seated regulablevalve in the 20 scribed my name.

CARL F. PEARSON.

